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The mode of teaching and learning has undergone a transition from a physical mode to a virtual mode due to the unexpected outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Though everyone is aware of virtual classroom, before the pandemic, its actual practice was not widespread as it is now. Therefore, teachers, especially ESL (English as a second language) teachers/ instructors find this mode of teaching quite new to adapt to and rather challenging in terms of classroom management. English language teaching, unlike other subjects which are limited to content delivery, is supposed to promote student-centered learning and interaction between students and teachers or among students for better acquisition of the language being learnt. Hence, compared to other subjects, classroom management in ELT (English language teaching) becomes more difficult and it is even more difficult when the classes are conducted online as students' cooperation is much needed for the successful teaching and learning process. So, here are some tips on the strategies ESL teachers can adopt for effective teaching and learning in the virtual classroom environment.

This activity is designed as a follow-up to the lesson plan on Teaching Academic Vocabulary and Reading Online Using Online Tools. Taking part in this activity, the students will have the chance to activate their recently learned vocabulary together with improving their speaking skills in a competitive but a friendly environment. After preparing presentations that were previously assigned to them about their ideal cities, in this activity, the students are asked to imagine themselves as representatives of their companies who are participating in an online symposium on the "cities of the future." They are required to further explain and justify how the cities of the future should be designed focusing on the target words given to them instantly. Depending on their creativity and correct use of the target words, their performance will be evaluated by a jury composed of their classmates.

This lesson plan which focuses mostly on vocabulary development and improving reading skills is prepared for teachers/instructors teaching online who would want to spice up their lessons by utilizing some online tools/apps. This lesson plan also aims at arousing interest and increasing student talking time in class by trying to keep them active as much as possible.

This lesson provides an opportunity for the students to form grammatically correct questions. This lesson incorporates dialogic pedagogical approach (with the ample use of classroom talk).

This lesson provides an opportunity for the students to identify the basics in verb phrases in passive voice sentences. This lesson incorporates dialogic pedagogical approach (with the ample use of classroom talk) by changing the stereotypical approaches of teaching grammar, which are considered dull and tedious.

This assessment tool was developed to help learners find out about their mindset for learning English. The tool has been adapted from the reference book Mindset: The new psychology for success by C. S. Dweck (2006). It is a 4-Point Likert Scale and has 10 items about mindsets and learning English. The responses to each item go from a complete agreement to a complete disagreement and there is no neutral choice option. By using this tool, learners can figure out what kind of a mindset they have and finally reach a particular decision on their path to learning English.

This lesson plan has been designed to help the EFL teachers to raise their students' awareness and knowledge on mindsets through reading and writing. 

For all type of the speaking lessons, this teaching tip can be used to create more opportunities for the learners not only to practice speaking but also to bring about motivating and engaging lessons.

This dynamic assessment resource aims to provide an exit for the introduction of gerund and infinitive forms. It can be played as a game with the participation of the whole class. The students are given two options and they are to choose the correct one. 

This lesson plan is about how to teach vocabulary in a skills-based program and when to use engagement strategies.